Abstract

Biologic Disease-Modifying Therapies: A New Era in Rheumatology

Author(s): Ardita Alice*

Biologic Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (bDMARDs) have fundamentally transformed the field of rheumatology, offering a targeted approach to managing autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. Unlike traditional synthetic DMARDs, which broadly suppress the immune system, bDMARDs selectively inhibit specific immune pathways, such as cytokine signaling, T-cell activation, and B-cell responses, to control inflammation and slow disease progression. This precision-targeted treatment has led to significant improvements in disease control, functional outcomes, and patient quality of life. However, despite their efficacy, challenges remain, including high treatment costs, issues of accessibility, and the potential for the development of resistance. This paper explores the evolution of bDMARDs in rheumatology, examining their mechanisms of action, clinical benefits, and ongoing challenges. Additionally, we discuss the future of biologic therapies, including advancements in drug design, personalized medicine, and strategies to overcome current limitations in their use.