Abstract

Coronary artery ectasia: Pattern and distribution in different coronary arteries segments-Retrospective analysis

Author(s): Ahmed Hegazi Abdelsamie Hegazi, Eman Elsayed Ali El Safty, Ibrahim Elsayed Yousry, Ahmed Hosny El-Adawy

Coronary Artery Ectasia (CAE), reported in 0.3%-5.3% of coronary angiograms, has been defined as the dilatation of an arterial segment to a diameter of at least 1.5 times that of the adjacent normal coronary artery. The purpose of this research was to study the pattern and distribution of CAE in relation to other associated diseases and risk factors in patients subjected to coronary angiography in Mansoura University, cardiology department. Among major coronary vessels, CAE was more prevalent in Left Anterior Descending (LAD) (67.1%), then RCA (66.7%), Left Circumflex (LCX) (57.9%), and LM (22.6%). Among minor (Branch) coronary vessels, CAE was more prevalent in PDA and OM2 (2.5%), then D1 and OM1 (2%), OM3 (1.5%), PL (1%), and D2 and RVB (0.5%). Among all ectatic coronary arteries, combined ectasia was more prevalent (85.1%) than isolated CAE (15.3%). Among minor (Branch) ectatic coronary arteries, combined ectasia was more prevalent (92.0%) than isolated CAE (8.0%). Mild ectasia is the most common form, detected in 90.5% of coronary arteries. Moderate ectasia was detected in 6.5% of coronary arteries. Severe ectasia was detected in only 1.6% of cases, while aneurysmal dilatation of coronaries was the least detected in 1.4% of cases. CAE is more common in LAD. Proximal segments are commonly affected. Mild ectasia is the most common form. Additionally, there is an increased prevalence of wall atherosclerosis among ecstatic vessels.