Interstitial Lung Disease

 Interstitial lung disease (ILD), or diffuse parenchymal lung disease (DPLD), may be a group of lung diseases affecting the interstitium the tissue and space round the alveoli Ordinarily, the body generates just the proper amount of tissue to repair damage, but in interstitial lung disease, the repair process goes awry and therefore the tissue round the air sacs (alveoli) becomes scarred and thickened. This makes it harder for oxygen to pass into the bloodstream. The term ILD is employed to differentiate these diseases from obstructive airways diseases.Interstitial lung disease could also be caused by long-term exposure to hazardous materials, like asbestos or coal dust, or it are often caused by an auto-immune disease like rheumatoid arthritis. Once lung scarring occurs, it’s generally irreversible. For this reason and because anesthesiologists' expertise in placement and monitoring of double-lumen tubes (DLTs) has increased, OLV is now used for almost all thoracic operations in which the lung is operated on or during which the collapse of the lung improves access to the operation field. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia can be mild, moderate or severe. Many infants fully recover from this disorder. Others may have breathing difficulties during the first two years of life and even into the teen and adult years.