Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine

Thiol Redox

Thiol oxidoreduction chemical reactions play a key role during a form of physiological processes, chiefly because of the presence of low-molecular-weight thiols and amino acid residues in proteins concerned in chemical change and regulation. Specifically, the refined sensitivity of thiol reactivity to the atmosphere makes the utilization of simulation techniques extraordinarily valuable for getting microscopic insights. during this work we tend to review the appliance of classical and quantum–mechanical atomistical simulation tools to the investigation of selected relevant problems in thiol oxidoreduction organic chemistry, like investigations on the protonation state of amino acid in macromolecule, two-electron chemical reaction of thiols by hydroperoxides, chloramines, and acid, mechanistic and dynamics aspects of the American state novo formation of disulfide bonds and thiol−disulfide exchange, formation of sulfenamides, formation of nitrosothiols and transnitrosation reactions, and one-electron chemical reaction pathways. Highlights ●An overview of the organic chemistry of thiol oxidoreduction couples.   ●The significance of thiol oxidoreduction homoeostasis in neurodegenerative unwellness.   ●The association between the xc− cystine–glutamate money dealer and glutamate-mediated toxicity.   ●The role of thiol disulphide oxidoreductases in neuroprotection. Thiol organic chemistry is principally associated with amino acid (Cys), that is one amongst the smallest amount easy amino acids incorporated into proteins. However, because of its peculiar physico-chemical properties, Cys reactivity is exclusive. Specifically, the massive size of the sulfur atom and also the comparatively low dissociation energy of the S−H bond render Cys with the flexibility to perform each nucleophilic and redox-active functions that square measure infeasible for the opposite present amino acids.  

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